【英文标准名称】:AcceleratedTestingforColorStabilityofPlasticsExposedtoIndoorFluorescentLightingandWindow-FilteredDaylight,TestMethodfor(08.03)
【原文标准名称】:暴露在室内荧光灯和透过窗户的日光中的塑料颜色稳定性的加速试验方法
【标准号】:ANSI/ASTMD4674-1989
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1989
【实施或试行日期】:1997-12-16
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:塑料;快速试验;自然采光;荧光灯;彩色稳定性
【英文主题词】:plastics;short-timetests;colourstability;fluorescentlamps;naturallighting
【摘要】:Thispracticecoversthebasicprinciplesandoperatingproceduresforusingfluorescentlighttodeterminecolorstabilityofplasticswhenmaterialsareexposedintypicalofficeenvironmentswherefluorescentoverheadlightingandwindow-filtereddaylightareusedforilluminationandwheretemperatureandhumidityconditionsareinaccordancewithAmericanSocietyofHeating,Refrigerating,andAir-conditioningEngineers(ASHRAE)recommendationsforworkers'comfort.Note1-ThereisnoequivalentISOstandard.Thispracticedescribesfourmethodswherespecimensareexposedtofluorescentlightundercontrolledenvironmentalconditions.TwoofthemethodsuseanexposuredevicethatprovidesformixingoffluorescentlampsandtwoofthemethodsusedevicesthatcomplywithPracticeG154.Note2MethodIusescoolwhitefluorescentlampsandwindowglassfilteredfluorescentUVBlampsandisthesamemethoddescribedinpreviousversionsofthisstandard.SpecimenpreparationandevaluationoftheresultsarecoveredinASTMmethodsorspecificationsforspecificmaterials.GeneralguidanceisgiveninPracticeG151.MorespecificinformationaboutmethodsfordeterminingthechangeinpropertiesafterexposureandreportingtheseresultsisdescribedinPracticeD5870.ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.1.5Unlessotherwisespecified,alldimensionsarenominal.1.6Thispracticemayinvolvehazardousmaterials,operations,andequipment.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,isany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.SpecificprecautionarystatementsaregiveninSection7.
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:83_080_01
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Industrialcommunicationnetworks-Fieldbusspecifications-Part6-22:Applicationlayerprotocolspecification-Type22elements
【原文标准名称】:工业通信网络.现场总线规范.第6-22部分:应用层协议规范.22型元件
【标准号】:IEC61158-6-22-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2010-08
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际电工委员会(IX-IEC)
【起草单位】:IEC/SC65C
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:应用层;应用;总线系统;总线(数据处理);电路网络;通信;计算机应用;计算机控制;控制;控制设备;控制系统;控制工艺学;数据总线;数据通信;数据交换;数据传输线;数据连接系统;数据网络;数据处理;数据设备;数据传送;数据传输控制规程;定义;数字数据;数字工程;电子数据处理;电气工程;电子仪器;电子系统;现场总线;制导系统;工业设施;信息交换;信息处理;信息技术;接口(数据处理);开放系统互连;操作技术;OSI;过程控制工程;协议规范;协议;设备;传输媒质;传输协议
【英文主题词】:Applicationlayer;Applications;Bussystems;Buses(dataprocessing);Circuitnetworks;Communication;Computerapplications;Computerizedcontrol;Control;Controlequipment;Controlsystems;Controltechnology;Databus;Datacommunication;Dataexchange;Dataline;Datalinksystem;Datanetwork;Dataprocessing;Dataservices;Datatransfer;Datatransmissioncontrolprocedures;Definitions;Digitaldata;Digitalengineering;EDP;Electricalengineering;Electronicinstruments;Electronicsystems;Fieldbus;Guidancesystems;Industrialfacilities;Informationinterchange;Informationprocessing;Informationtechnology;Interfaces(dataprocessing);Opensystemsinterconnection;Operationaltechniques;OSI;Processcontrolengineering;Protocolspecification;Protocols;Services;Transmissionmedia;Transmissionprotocol
【摘要】:TheFieldbusApplicationLayer(FAL)providesuserprogramswithameanstoaccessthefieldbuscommunicationenvironment.Inthisrespect,theFALcanbeviewedasa“windowbetweencorrespondingapplicationprograms.”Thisstandardprovidescommonelementsforbasictime-criticalandnon-time-criticalmessagingcommunicationsbetweenapplicationprogramsinanautomationenvironmentandmaterialspecifictoType22fieldbus.Theterm“time-critical”isusedtorepresentthepresenceofatime-window,withinwhichoneormorespecifiedactionsarerequiredtobecompletedwithsomedefinedlevelofcertainty.Failuretocompletespecifiedactionswithinthetimewindowrisksfailureoftheapplicationsrequestingtheactions,withattendantrisktoequipment,plantandpossiblyhumanlife.ThisstandarddefinesinanabstractwaytheexternallyvisiblebehaviorprovidedbythedifferentTypesofthefieldbusApplicationLayerintermsof:a)theabstractsyntaxdefiningtheapplicationlayerprotocoldataunitsconveyedbetweencommunicatingapplicationentities;b)thetransfersyntaxdefiningtheapplicationlayerprotocoldataunitsconveyedbetweencommunicatingapplicationentities;c)theapplicationcontextstatemachinedefiningtheapplicationservicebehaviorvisiblebetweencommunicatingapplicationentities;andd)theapplicationrelationshipstatemachinesdefiningthecommunicationbehaviorvisiblebetweencommunicatingapplicationentities.Thepurposeofthisstandardistodefinetheprotocolprovidedto:a)definethewire-representationoftheserviceprimitivesdefinedinIEC61158-5-22:2010;andb)definetheexternallyvisiblebehaviorassociatedwiththeirtransfer.ThisstandardspecifiestheprotocoloftheIECfieldbusApplicationLayer,inconformancewiththeOSIBasicReferenceModel(ISO/IEC7498)andtheOSIApplicationLayerStructure(ISO/IEC9545).FALservicesandprotocolsareprovidedbyFALapplication-entities(AE)containedwithintheapplicationprocesses.TheFALAEiscomposedofasetofobject-orientedApplicationServiceElements(ASEs)andaLayerManagementEntity(LME)thatmanagestheAE.TheASEsprovidecommunicationservicesthatoperateonasetofrelatedapplicationprocessobject(APO)classes.OneoftheFALASEsisamanagementASEthatprovidesacommonsetofservicesforthemanagementoftheinstancesofFALclasses.Althoughtheseservicesspecify,fromtheperspectiveofapplications,howrequestandresponsesareissuedanddelivered,theydonotincludeaspecificationofwhattherequestingandrespondingapplicationsaretodowiththem.Thatis,thebehavioralaspectsoftheapplicationsarenotspecified;onlyadefinitionofwhatrequestsandresponsestheycansend/receiveisspecified.ThispermitsgreaterflexibilitytotheFALusersinstandardizingsuchobjectbehavior.Inadditiontotheseservices,somesupportingservicesarealsodefinedinthisstandardtoprovideaccesstotheFALtocontrolcertainaspectsofitsoperation.
【中国标准分类号】:M11
【国际标准分类号】:25_04_40;35_100_70;35_110
【页数】:92P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语